Fire

Fire risk assessments and the RRO explained

5 min read · Updated 11 June 2026

For responsible persons, fire safety contractors, compliance managers and facilities teams managing fire risk assessments and fire-safety records in England and Wales. It is UK-focused and not legal advice.

The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005, often called the RRO or Fire Safety Order, is the main fire-safety law for non-domestic premises in England and Wales. It places the duty on the responsible person to assess and manage fire risk.

Who is the responsible person?

Usually the employer, building owner, landlord or managing agent who has control of the premises. In multi-occupied buildings there can be more than one responsible person, and they must cooperate and coordinate with each other.

What the fire risk assessment covers

  • Identifying fire hazards and the people at risk
  • Evaluating, removing or reducing the risk
  • Means of escape, detection and warning
  • Emergency plans, signage and staff training
  • Recording the findings and keeping them under review

Maintaining fire-safety provisions

Extinguishers are serviced annually under BS 5306, fire alarms quarterly and annually under BS 5839, and emergency lighting has a monthly function test and an annual full-duration test under BS 5266. Fire doors should be checked at least every six months.

Keeping on top of it

CertFlow runs every fire asset on a service schedule, stores the fire risk assessment, captures monthly and annual checks on mobile, and produces the certificates that prove the building is protected.

From the field

What inspectors commonly see

  • A fire risk assessment that is missing, generic or never reviewed
  • Fire doors wedged open, damaged, or missing intumescent seals
  • Emergency lighting that fails its monthly or annual duration test
  • Extinguishers out of service date, undersized or wrongly sited
  • Alarm and detection faults left unresolved on the panel

Audit risk

Common mistakes

  • Using a generic fire risk assessment that does not reflect the building or occupants.
  • Leaving fire-door, alarm or emergency-lighting defects open without an action owner.
  • Failing to coordinate records where more than one responsible person has control.
  • Keeping service certificates without linking them to the fire risk assessment action plan.
  • Assuming routine servicing removes the need to review the fire risk assessment.

Evidence

Records to keep

  • Fire risk assessment and significant findings.
  • Action plan, responsible owners and close-out evidence.
  • Fire alarm, emergency lighting, extinguisher and fire-door inspection records.
  • Evacuation procedures, drills and staff fire-safety training records.
  • Evidence of cooperation and coordination in shared or multi-occupied premises.

References

Sources & official guidance

Links to primary UK legislation and official regulator guidance. CertFlow is independent and not affiliated with these bodies.

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