PUWER explained: work equipment duties

4 min read · Updated 11 June 2026

Key takeaways

  • PUWER 1998 covers almost all work equipment used at work.
  • Equipment must be suitable, maintained and inspected at suitable intervals.
  • Dangerous parts of machinery must be guarded.
  • Inspection frequency is risk-based and set by the duty holder.

For employers, inspection firms, workshop managers and facilities teams managing work equipment suitability, maintenance, inspection and guarding records. It is UK-focused and not legal advice.

The Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 (PUWER) require that work equipment is suitable for its purpose, maintained in a safe condition, and used only by people with adequate information, instruction and training.

What counts as work equipment?

Almost any machinery, appliance, tool or installation used at work, from hand tools, ladders and power tools to production machinery, conveyors and workshop plant.

The core duties

  • Suitability for the intended use and conditions
  • Maintenance in efficient working order
  • Inspection at suitable intervals by a competent person
  • Guarding of dangerous parts of machinery
  • Information, instruction and training

PUWER and LOLER

PUWER covers all work equipment in general. LOLER adds specific duties for lifting equipment and lifting operations. Lifting equipment must satisfy both sets of regulations.

PUWER on CertFlow

CertFlow holds every machine as an asset with its own inspection and maintenance schedule, a defect-to-remedial workflow and a complete, timestamped history that proves the equipment was kept safe.

What inspectors commonly see

  • Guards removed, bypassed or never refitted after maintenance
  • Emergency stops and interlocks that no longer function
  • No record of inspection after installation, relocation or a major repair
  • Operator training and authorisation records missing
  • Equipment used beyond its rated capacity or intended purpose

Common mistakes

  • Using a manufacturer service as the only evidence of PUWER inspection.
  • Letting guards, interlocks or emergency stops remain bypassed after maintenance.
  • Not recording inspection after installation, assembly, relocation or major repair.
  • Setting one blanket inspection interval for very different risk profiles.
  • Keeping operator training records away from the equipment they relate to.

Records to keep

  • Work equipment asset register and risk-based inspection schedule.
  • Inspection checklists, maintenance logs and defect reports.
  • Guarding, interlock and emergency-stop checks.
  • Operator information, instruction, training and authorisation records.
  • Remedial actions, isolation/quarantine records and return-to-use evidence.

Sources & official guidance

Links to primary UK legislation and official regulator guidance. CertFlow is independent and not affiliated with these bodies.

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